Definition
Cloud computing refers to computing services that are available through the internet. These services include online data storage as well as access to databases, analytics, software, and virtual machines. One advantage of cloud computing (compared to local computing) is that it is a much more powerful tool than a personal computer, does not require active management by the user, and is often set up as a pay-as-you-go model that can provide cost savings.
Google Cloud
Microsoft Azure
Relevant Literature
ZDNet constructed a guide to cloud computing that covers a large amount of concepts, from simple to complex:
https://www.zdnet.com/article/what-is-cloud-computing-everything-you-need-to-know-about-the-cloud/
GCF Learn Free made a short animated video explaining cloud services in simple terms:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4OO77HFcCUs
Simplilearn has a video on the more nuanced aspects of cloud computing, covering and deployment models and data storage, security, loss: